The development potential of biomass energy is worth digging

Since February, the international oil price has been rising, but the import of crude oil in China is still constant, and the dependence on foreign countries has reached 60%. Experts said that China's oil supply and demand gap is still large, we must take precautions and pay attention to alternative energy, and biomass energy development potential is worth further exploring.

The latest data from the General Administration of Customs showed that from January to April this year, China's crude oil imports increased by 11.8% over the same period. Although the current international oil price is still relatively low, it has rebounded by more than 70% compared with the 12 year lows created at the beginning of the year. Compared with the import unit price in February, the price of crude oil per ton of China rose by 14.6% per ton in April.

Experts believe that biomass energy as a renewable energy can be widely used in the field of transportation, to make up for the shortage of domestic oil and the potential is worth further exploring.

Hu Haifeng, chief economist of Jiangsu Lian Hai Biotechnology Co., Ltd., said that compared with regular gasoline, ethanol gasoline can reduce PM2.5 by 40%, hydrocarbon concentration by 42.7% and carbon monoxide emissions by 34.8%. Since 2000, China's total consumption of fuel ethanol about 17000000 tons, equivalent to a reduction of about 90000000 tons of crude oil imports. Among them, in 2015, the consumption of domestic ethanol was 2 million 300 thousand tons, and the consumption of ethanol gasoline (E10) added fuel ethanol was 22 million tons, accounting for 19.5% of the total consumption of gasoline 1.13 billion tons.

In fact, biomass energy in the early stage of development bears the shackles of "competing with grain" and "fighting grain for the people", so it has been disputed by all walks of life. But in recent years, the national policy and regulation under the guidance of China's fuel ethanol industry gradually to non grain crops and cellulose material comprehensive utilization direction, and actively carry out technology demonstration projects.

At the international level, fuel ethanol has been developed into a worldwide renewable renewable energy industry, driven by various governments.More than 50 countries have developed a biofuel supporting policy, including regulations or directives, and tax incentives.These are the consideration of the energy security strategy, the sustainable development of agriculture and the revitalization of the rural economy, the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and the mitigation of environmental pollution.

Dr. director, research center of energy plant Fujian Agriculture And Forestry University tutor Qi Jianmin introduced "ECF in biomass energy conference 2016" in Shanghai, the first generation of fuel ethanol from corn, wheat, aging grain starch conversion, and crop of sugarcane, sugar beet ethanol sweetener.The second generation of fuel ethanol is converted to ethanol by cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin from plant straw.The third generation of fuel ethanol feedstock with high efficiency, high selective assimilation rate, high yield and high resistance layer can be used in sweet sorghum (sorghum), kenaf, bamboo etc.

Zhang Shichu, an expert on biomass energy in Shanghai with the unconventional energy research center and chairman of Shanghai Zhongwei Biochemical Co., Ltd., said that, Saline alkalization, desertification and land degradation by hemp crops and governance and improved access to relevant state funded.Hemp crops per acre per year will absorb 2 tons of carbon dioxide, can be applied to clean development and carbon trading policy.

After several decades of rapid development, biomass in the world's primary energy supply structure has reached about 10%, and it has become the fourth largest energy source.However, in China, the biomass energy started relatively late, and the proportion of the energy supply structure is still small.The proportion of EU biomass energy in renewable energy is as high as 60%, while biomass energy in China accounts for less than 10% of renewable energy.

"The total amount of biomass energy resources in China is approximately 4.6 million tons of standard coal per year. At present, it has been used only as a standard coal of 22 million tons." Wu Xiaojiang, researcher at the Shanghai city low carbon technology and Industry Development Association of consultants, Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences, "12th Five-Year" in China during the period of development and utilization of biomass energy has not completed the planning index, biomass fuel consumption only to complete the planning of 70%, liquid biomass amounted to only 50% of the plan. Wu Xiaojiang said that China, as a big agricultural country, produces more than 7 million tons of straw resources each year. But the annual incineration of straw is about 3 million tons, resulting in more than 30% of the contribution of air pollution. If the liquid fuel technology promotion of biomass fast pyrolysis, the rich straw resources into a huge amount of bio oil oil.In addition, China's agriculture and animal husbandry generate a large number of organic waste, and a large number of urban biomass waste can become a rich source of biogas. Biogas purification and purification of clean biomass natural gas is to alleviate the shortage of natural gas resources in China's mineral resources.

Compared with solar energy and wind energy, biomass energy has the characteristics of low cost storage and more stable and sustainable energy supply. From the economic value of energy, biomass solid forming fuel has high calorific value, and the cost is much lower than that of oil. In addition, liquid biomass fuel is compatible with vehicle and gas station, which is economical and convenient. It can avoid difficulties in electric vehicle promotion process, such as insufficient charging facilities and insufficient battery capacity.

However, Lin Boqiang, director of the China Energy Economics Research Center of Xiamen University, said that biomass energy in China is still relatively small. The current international oil prices remain low, if you do not consider tax factors, biomass energy and ordinary gasoline compared economic advantage is not obvious. Therefore, the biomass energy industry still needs to further accelerate the cultivation, form the scale advantage and improve its economy.